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trace of endomorphism

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  • Trace Zero Cryptography — In the year 1998 Gerhard Frey firstly purposed using trace zero varieties for cryptographic purpose. These varieties are subgroups of the divisor class group on a low genus hyperelliptic curve defined over a finite field. These groups can be used …   Wikipedia

  • Determinant — This article is about determinants in mathematics. For determinants in epidemiology, see Risk factor. In linear algebra, the determinant is a value associated with a square matrix. It can be computed from the entries of the matrix by a specific… …   Wikipedia

  • Vertex model — A vertex model is a type of statistical mechanics model in which the Boltzmann weights are associated with a vertex in the model (representing an atom or particle). This contrasts with a nearest neighbour model, such as the Ising model, in which… …   Wikipedia

  • Atiyah–Bott fixed-point theorem — In mathematics, the Atiyah–Bott fixed point theorem, proven by Michael Atiyah and Raoul Bott in the 1960s, is a general form of the Lefschetz fixed point theorem for smooth manifolds M , which uses an elliptic complex on M . This is a system of… …   Wikipedia

  • Torsion tensor — In differential geometry, the notion of torsion is a manner of characterizing a twist or screw of a moving frame around a curve. The torsion of a curve, as it appears in the Frenet Serret formulas, for instance, quantifies the twist of a curve… …   Wikipedia

  • Cayley–Hamilton theorem — In linear algebra, the Cayley–Hamilton theorem (named after the mathematicians Arthur Cayley and William Hamilton) states that every square matrix over the real or complex field satisfies its own characteristic equation.More precisely; if A is… …   Wikipedia

  • Matrix (mathematics) — Specific elements of a matrix are often denoted by a variable with two subscripts. For instance, a2,1 represents the element at the second row and first column of a matrix A. In mathematics, a matrix (plural matrices, or less commonly matrixes)… …   Wikipedia

  • Singular value decomposition — Visualization of the SVD of a 2 dimensional, real shearing matrix M. First, we see the unit disc in blue together with the two canonical unit vectors. We then see the action of M, which distorts the disk to an ellipse. The SVD decomposes M into… …   Wikipedia

  • Block matrix — In the mathematical discipline of matrix theory, a block matrix or a partitioned matrix is a matrix broken into sections called blocks. Looking at it another way, the matrix is written in terms of smaller matrices.[1] We group the rows and… …   Wikipedia

  • Supertrace — In the theory of superalgebras, if A is a commutative superalgebra, V is a free right A supermodule and T is an endomorphism from V to itself, then the supertrace of T , str( T ) is defined by the following tangle diagram::More concretely, if we… …   Wikipedia

  • Lie algebra — In mathematics, a Lie algebra is an algebraic structure whose main use is in studying geometric objects such as Lie groups and differentiable manifolds. Lie algebras were introduced to study the concept of infinitesimal transformations. The term… …   Wikipedia

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